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【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforEstimatingWildlifeExposureUsingMeasuresofHabitatQuality
【原文标准名称】:评估野生动物生长环境质量的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTME2385-2004
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2004
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E47.02
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:质量;生长环境;野生动物;估计;曝光
【英文主题词】:exposureassessment;habitatquality;habitatqualityindices;landscapeecology
【摘要】:ExplicitconsiderationoflandscapefeaturestocharacterizethequalityofhabitatforassessmentspeciescanenhancetheecologicalrelevanceofanEcoRA.Thiscanhelpavoidassessingexposureinareasinwhichawildlifespecieswouldbeabsentbecauseofalackofhabitatortoboundexposureestimatesinareaswithlowhabitatquality.ThemeasureofhabitatqualityisusedinplaceofthecommonlyusedAreaUseFactor(AUF).Greaterecologicalrealismandmoreinformedmanagementdecisionscanberealizedthroughbetteruseoflandscapefeaturestocharacterizesites.1.1EcologicalRiskAssessments(EcoRAs)typicallyfocusonvaluedwildlifepopulations.RegulatoryauthorityforconductingEcoRAsderivesfromvariousfederallaws[forexample,ComprehensiveEnvironmentalResponse,CompensationandLiabilityAct1981,(CERCLA),ResourceConservationRecoveryAct(RCRA),andFederalInsecticide,Fungicide,andRodenticideAct,(FIFRA)].CertainproceduresforconductingEcoRAs()havebeenstandardized[E1689-95(2003)StandardGuideforDevelopingConceptualSiteModelsforContaminatedSites;E1848-96(2003)StandardGuideforSelectingandUsingEcologicalEndpointsforContaminatedSites;E2020-99aStandardGuideforDataandInformationOptionsforConductinganEcologicalRiskAssessmentatContaminatedSites;E2205-02StandardGuideforRisk-BasedCorrectiveActionforProtectionofEcologicalresources;E1739-95(2002)StandardGuideforRisk-BasedCorrectiveActionAppliedatPetroleumReleaseSites].Specializedcasesforreportingdatahavealsobeenstandardized[E1849-96(2002)StandardGuideforFishandWildlifeIncidentMonitoringandReporting]ashavesamplingprocedurestocharacterizevegetation[E1923-97(2003)StandardGuideforSamplingTerrestrialandWetlandsVegetation].1.2Moststateshaveenactedlawsmodeledafterthefederalactsandfollowsimilarprocedures.Typically,estimatesoflikelyexposurelevelstoconstituentsofpotentialconcern(CoPC)arecomparedtotoxicitybenchmarkvaluesorconcentration-responseprofilestoestablishthemagnitudeofriskposedbytheCoPCandtoinformriskmanagersconsideringpotentialmitigation/remediationoptions.ThelikelihoodofexposureisinfluencedgreatlybytheforagingbehaviorandresidencetimeoftheanimalsofinterestintheareascontainingsignificantconcentrationsoftheCoPC.Foragingbehaviorandresidencetimeoftheanimalsarerelatedtolandscapefeatures(vegetationandphysiognomy)thatcomprisesuitablehabitatforthespecies.ThisguidepresentsaframeworkforincorporatinghabitatqualityintothecalculationofexposurelevelsforuseinEcoRAs.1.3ThisguideisintendedonlyasaframeworkforusingmeasuresofhabitatqualityinspeciesspecifichabitatsuitabilitymodelstoassistwiththecalculationofexposurelevelsinEcoRA.InformationfrompublishedHabitatSuitabilityIndex(HSI)modelsisusedinthisguide.TheusershouldbecomefamiliarwiththestrengthsandlimitationsofanyparticularHSImodelusedinordertocharacterizeuncertaintyintheexposureassessment().Forspeciesthatdonothavepublishedhabitatsuitabilitymodels,theusermayelecttodevelopbroadcategoricaldescriptionsofhabitatqualityforuseinestimatingexposure.
【中国标准分类号】:Z04
【国际标准分类号】:11_220
【页数】:10P.;A4
【正文语种】: