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【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforDirectPushSoilSamplingforEnvironmentalSiteCharacterizations
【原文标准名称】:环境位点特性分析用直推土壤采样的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTMD6282-1998(2005)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:1998
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D18.21
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:直推;地下水;密封;净化;土壤采样
【英文主题词】:decontamination;directpush;groundwater;sealing;soilsampling
【摘要】:1.1Thisguideaddressesdirectpushsoilsamplers,whichalsomaybedrivenintothegroundfromthesurfaceorthroughpreboredholes.Thesamplerscanbecontinuousordiscreteintervalunits.Samplersareadvancedbyacombinationofstaticpush,orimpactsfromhammers,orvibratorymethods,oracombinationthereof,tothedepthofinterest.Theguidedoesnotcoveropenchamberedsamplersoperatedbyhandsuchasaugers,agriculturalsamplersoperatedatshallowdepths,orsidewallsamplers.Thisguidedoesnotaddresssinglesamplingeventsintheimmediatebaseofthedrillholeusingrotarydrillingequipmentwithincrementaldrillholeexcavation.Othersamplingstandards,suchasTestMethodsD1586andD1587andPracticeD3550applytorotarydrillingactivities.Thisguidedoesnotaddressadvancementofsamplerbarrelsystemswithmethodsthatemploycuttingsremovalasthesamplerisadvanced.Otherdrillingandsamplingmethodsmayapplyforsamplesneededforengineeringandconstructionapplications.1.2Guidanceonpreservationandtransportofsamples,asgiveninGuideD4220,mayormaynotapply.Samplesforchemicalanalysisoftenmustbesubsampledandreservedforchemicalanalysisusingspecialtechniques.PracticeD3694providesinformationonsomeofthespecialtechniquesrequired.Additionalinformationonenvironmentalsamplepreservationandtransportationisavailableinotherreferences(1,2).SamplesforclassificationmaybepreservedusingproceduressimilartoClassA.Inmostcases,adirectpushsampleisconsideredasClassBinPracticeD4220butisprotected,representative,andsuitableforchemicalanalysis.ThesamplestakenwiththispracticedonotusuallyproduceClassCandD(withexceptionofthinwallsamplesofstandardsize)samplesfortestingforengineeringproperties,suchasshearstrengthandcompressibility.GuideD4700hassomeinformationonmechanicalsoilsamplingdevicessimilartodirectpushtechniques,however,itdoesnotaddressmostdirectpushsamplingmethods.IfsamplingisforchemicalevaluationintheVadoseZone,consultGuideD4700foranyspecialconsiderations.1.3Fieldmethodsdescribedinthisguide,includetheuseofdiscreetandcontinuoussamplingtools,splitandsolidbarrelsamplersandthinwalledtubeswithorwithoutfixedpistonstyleapparatus.1.4Insertionmethodsdescribedincludestaticpush,impact,percussion,othervibratory/sonicdriving,andcombinationsofthesemethodsusingdirectpushequipmentadaptedtodrillingrigs,conepenetrometerunits,andspeciallydesignedpercussion/directpushcombinationmachines.Hammersprovidingtheforceforinsertionincludedropstyle,hydraulicallyactivated,airactivatedandmechanicalliftdevices.1.5Directpushsoilsamplingislimitedtosoilsandunconsolidatedmaterialsthatcanbepenetratedwiththeavailableequipment.Theabilitytopenetratestrataisbasedonhammerenergy,carryingvehicleweight,compactnessofsoil,andconsistencyofsoil.Penetrationmaybelimitedordamagetosamplersandconveyingdevicescanoccurincertainsubsurfaceconditions,someofwhicharediscussedin5.5.Successfulsamplerecoveryalsomaybelimitedbytheabilitytoretrievetoolsfromtheborehole.Sufficientretractforcemustbeavailablewhenattemptingdifficultordeepinvestigations.1.6Thisguidedoesnotaddresstheinstallationofanytemporaryorpermanentsoil,groundwater,vapormonitoring,orremediationdevices.1.7Thepracticingofdirectpushtechniquesmaybecontrolledbylocalregulationsgoverningsubsurfacepenetration.Certification,orlicensingrequirements,orboth,mayneedtobeconsideredinestablishingcriteriaforfieldactivities.1.8ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasstandard;however,dimensionsusedinthedrillingindustryaregivenininch-pounduni......
【中国标准分类号】:Z18
【国际标准分类号】:13_080_99
【页数】:19P.;A4
【正文语种】: